In epic tradition, which term means martial glory or fame earned in battle?

• A. Arete
• B. Kleos
• C. Nostos
• D. Pietas

Answer: (B)

Kleos is the martial glory or fame earned in battle. In epic tradition, a hero’s kleos comes from the heroic deeds performed in combat and the renown those deeds generate, surviving beyond the warrior’s life through songs and stories that keep his name alive. This fame often motivates actions, as characters seek to be remembered for their courage and leadership on the field.

Arete points to overall excellence or virtue—the quality of living up to one’s potential—rather than the specific glory earned in battle. Nostos refers to the homecoming after adventures or warfare, and pietas is a Roman idea of dutiful piety toward gods, family, and country. Because the question asks for the term specifically tied to martial glory earned in battle, kleos is the best fit.