In their view of human nature, Emerson and Puritans differed in that Emerson emphasized potential and divinity while Puritans emphasized depravity. Which statement best captures that contrast?

• A. Emerson stresses depravity; Puritans stress virtue
• B. Emerson emphasizes ritual authority; Puritans emphasize individualism
• C. Emerson stresses potential and divinity; Puritans stress depravity
• D. Emerson stresses personal conscience; Puritans stress religious conformity

Answer: (C)

The main idea is the difference in how they view human nature: Emerson sees an inner potential and divinity in people, while Puritans emphasize depravity and the need for grace. Emerson, with his focus on self-trust, individual conscience, and the idea that truth and worth come from within, treats human nature as something capable of growth and divinity. Puritans, rooted in Calvinist thought, stress humanity’s fallen state and the pervasiveness of sin, stressing discipline, community conformity, and reliance on strict religious authority to guide behavior and secure salvation. Because of that deep contrast, the statement that Emerson stresses potential and divinity while Puritans stress depravity best captures their differing views. Other options mix in issues like ritual authority or conformity, but they don’t pinpoint the core difference in how each tradition understands human nature.