Which term describes the assumption that human nature is ultimately selfish, rooted in Diogenes' philosophy?

• A. Populist
• B. Cynicism
• C. Demagogue
• D. Nihilism

Answer: (B)

Cynicism fits because it centers on the belief that people are driven by self-interest and that social norms often mask selfish motives. Diogenes of Sinope, a key figure in ancient Greek philosophy, is considered a founder of Cynicism. He challenged conventional wealth, status, and etiquette, arguing that virtue comes from living in accordance with nature and being self-sufficient. This focus on human self-interest and skepticism toward appearances is why the term correctly describes the view attributed to Diogenes. The other terms don’t capture this idea: populist relates to appealing to common people in politics, demagogue to a leader who manipulates emotions for power, and nihilism concerns the rejection of meaning or value, not the assumption about human nature in Diogenes’ thought.